The studies showed that soils of studied loess catchment of the Lublin Upland were largely modified by tillage and by the processes of erosion and deposition during 73 and 185 years of agricultural land use. The modification included the loss of part, the whole or even a few genetic horizons of Haplic Luvisol in eroded zones and overbuilding of soil profile by deposited material in the zones of accumulation. Analysis of non-eroded soils enabled to determine the relation between the depth of solum (Ap-BC) and topographical features of the landscape and showed that the depth of solum was smaller on slopes of southern than northern exposition. The finding is of great importance for the reconstruction of the past topography and for studies of landscape evolution.

Modification of pedons affected the redistribution of soil properties in the ploughed layer and subsoil. All studied soil properties showed a structure of spatial variability that was best described by isotropic spherical models of semivariance. The range of spatial dependence of soil attributes was related to half distance of micro-relief wave, and for the depth of solum, clay content in the ploughed layer and SOC concentration in subsoil it was modified by the period of agricultural land use. It led to the conclusion that erosion processes first contribute to disturbances of micro-relief, solum depth and soil properties, and then to the development of spatial structure. The longer the period of agricultural land use and erosion the larger the distances of spatial dependence of solum depth and clay in the ploughed layer and SOC in subsoil. The studies showed a complex relation between soil water content and soil redistribution and soil position in the landscape. Measurements in transect showed that despite large differences in texture, soil water content in the ploughed layer of soil on slopes was relatively little differentiated, and larger differences were observed at deeper depths of 50-80 cm and were affected by the exposition of the slope. Contrary to this, multipoint measurements within the field showed that water at near soil surface was affected by topography in spring and by soil redistribution in summer.

Summarising, presented studies showed that soils and soil properties were subject to continuous changes in agriculturally used loess areas. The state of changes depended on erosion and period of agricultural land use. The studies showed that experiments based on analysis carried out in many points created a possibility for more realistic description of soils and soil evolution in the agricultural landscape.